Catalogus

Problem focus: How do dune–dike (DD) interactions control wave overtopping under extreme conditions?

Core questions:

• Q1: How do relative position (foredune offset), crest levels, and dune geometry modify overtopping discharge compared with standalone dikes/dunes?
• Q2: What non-dimensional parameters controls the DD-hybrid performance (e.g, slope tan𝛽, roughness, permeability factors, relative set-back)?
• Q3: Can we derive a practical empirical formula for design/assessment, with quantified uncertainty, that reduces to EurOtop-style predictors for the cases?