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Tidal propagation in strongly convergent channels Friedrichs, C.T.; Aubrey, D.G. (1994). Tidal propagation in strongly convergent channels. J. Geophys. Res. 99(C2): 3321-3336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93JC03219 In: Journal of Geophysical Research. American Geophysical Union: Richmond. ISSN 0148-0227; e-ISSN 2156-2202, meer

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Beschikbaar in	Auteurs
Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Non-open access 129717 [ aanvragen ] VLIZ [ aanvragen ]

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Trefwoorden

Acceleration Dimensions > Amplitude Equations Forces (mechanics) > Friction Motion > Water motion > Water currents > Tidal currents Tidal channels Velocity > Phase velocity Velocity > Wave velocity Water waves > Surface water waves > Tidal waves Wave propagation > Tidal propagation Marien/Kust

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Auteurs		Top
Friedrichs, C.T. Aubrey, D.G.

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Abstract

Simple first- and second-order analytic solutions, which diverge markedly from classical views of cooscillating tides, are derived for tidal propagation in strongly convergent channels. Theoretical predictions compare well with observations from typical examples of shallow, ‘‘funnel-shaped’’ tidal estuaries. A scaling of the governing equations appropriate to these channels indicated that at a first order, gradients in cross-sectional area dominate velocity gradients in the continuity equation and the friction term dominates acceleration in the momentum equation. Finite amplitude effects, velocity gradients due to wave propagation, and local acceleration enter the equations at second order. Applying this scaling, the first-order governing equation becomes a first-order wave equation, which is inconsistent with the presence of a reflected wave. The solution is of constant amplitude and has a phase speed near the frictionless wave speed, like a classical progressive wave, yet velocity leads elevation by 90°, like a classical standing wave. The second-order solution at the dominant frequency is also a unidirectional wave; however, its amplitude is exponentially modulated. It inertia is finite and convergence is strong, amplitude increases along channel, whereas if inertia is weak and convergence is limited, amplitude decays. Compact solutions for second-order tidal harmonics quantify the partially canceling effects of (1) time variations in channel depth, which slow the propagation of low water, and (2) time variations in channel width, which slow the propagtion of high water. Finally, it is suggested that phase speed, along-channel amplitude growth, and tidal harmonics in strongly convergent channels are all linked by morphodynamic feedback.

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