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Climate change, ocean processes and ocean iron fertilization
Denman, K.L. (2008). Climate change, ocean processes and ocean iron fertilization. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 364: 219-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps07542
In: Marine Ecology Progress Series. Inter-Research: Oldendorf/Luhe. ISSN 0171-8630; e-ISSN 1616-1599, meer
Peer reviewed article  
Beschikbaar in  Auteur 
Trefwoorden
    Aquatic communities > Plankton > Phytoplankton
    Chemical elements > Metals > Transition elements > Heavy metals > Iron
    Chemical reactions > Photochemical reactions > Photosynthesis
    Climatic changes
    Cycles > Chemical cycles > Geochemical cycle > Biogeochemical cycle > Nutrient cycles > Carbon cycle
    Fertilizers
    Food webs
    Mineralization
    Nutrient depletion
    Properties > Chemical properties > Acidity
    Marien/Kust
Author keywords
    climate change; iron fertilization; mitigation; ocean carbon cycle
Auteur  Top 
  • Denman, K.L.
Abstract
    Observations indicate that the rate of increase in concentration of atmospheric CO2 is increasing faster than projected in any of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emission scenarios. Several mitigation measures, referred to as 'geoengineering options', have been proposed to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. To be successful, such a mitigation operation must remove 'significant' CO2 from the atmosphere for many decades, be verifiable, and not cause deleterious side effects. One option, purposeful addition of iron to fertilize photosynthetic uptake of CO2 by phytoplankton in regions of the ocean where iron is a limiting nutrient, has received considerable scientific attention. In the last 15 yr, a dozen small-scale open ocean iron fertilization experiments have been performed and a succession of models of large-scale fertilization have been developed. As successive models have become more realistic, the amounts of CO2 forecast to be sequestered have dropped, and in all cases are small relative to the amounts of CO2 projected to be released through fossil fuel burning over the next century for any of the IPCC emission scenarios. Possible side effects include a long term reduction in ocean productivity, alteration of the structure of marine food webs, and a more rapid increase in ocean acidity. Most importantly, increased remineralization associated with the increased downward export of organic carbon particles would result in increased production of the third most important long-lived greenhouse gas, N2O. The magnitude of this effect is poorly known.
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