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Relationship of sediment sulfide to mortality of Thalassia testudinum in Florida Bay
Carlson, P.R.; Yarbro, L.A.; Barber, T.R. (1994). Relationship of sediment sulfide to mortality of Thalassia testudinum in Florida Bay. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(3): 733-746
In: Bulletin of Marine Science. University of Miami Press: Coral Gables. ISSN 0007-4977; e-ISSN 1553-6955
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| Trefwoorden |
Chemical reactions > Degradation > Biodegradation
Environmental effects > Salinity effects
Environmental effects > Temperature effects
Flora > Weeds > Marine organisms > Seaweeds > Sea grass
Mortality causes
Pathogens
Population functions > Mortality
Sediments
Sulfides
Synergism
Water > Pore water
Thalassia testudinum K.D.Koenig, 1805 [WoRMS]
Marien/Kust |
| Auteurs | | Top |
- Carlson, P.R.
- Yarbro, L.A.
- Barber, T.R.
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| Abstract |
Sediment porewater sulfide concentrations in Florida Bay seagrass beds affected by the catastrophic mortality of Thalassia testudinum (Turtle-grass) were considerably higher than those of seagrass beds in the Indian River, Charlotte Harbor, or Tampa Bay. Sulfide concentrations in apparently healthy seagrass beds were highest in fall and might have contributed to chronic hypoxic stress of Thalassia roots and rhizomes. High porewater sulfide concentrations measured in dying areas of seagrass beds suggest that sulfide produced by microbial degradation of dying Thalassia might exacerbate stress on adjacent, surviving seagrass. Sulfide concentrations in recent die-off areas initially were higher than in adjacent, surviving grass beds. By the end of the study, however, the pattern was reversed apparently due to depletion of Thalassia-derived organic matter in the sediments of die-off areas. In June 1990, high sulfide concentrations preceded a die-off episode at one site, suggesting (1) elevated sulfide concentrations might be involved in a suite of factors that trigger die-off episodes or (2) elevated porewater sulfide results from death and decomposition of belowground Thalassia tissue before necrosis of shoots becomes visible. In either case, elevated porewater sulfide concentrations might be of value in predicting die-off. We conclude that porewater sulfide probably is not the primary cause, but a synergistic stressor, which has acted in concert with factors (such as hyperthermia, hypersalinity, and microbial pathogens) suggested by other researchers, to cause Thalassia die-off in Florida Bay. |
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