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Les pollutions marines par des fiouls lourds: quels outils analytiques spécifiques? = Marine oil spills by heavy fuel oils: a selection of adapted analytical tools
Fafet, A.; Benoît, Y.; Da Silva, M.; Bertoncini, F.; Durand, J.-P.; Ballerini, D.; Haeseler, F. (2008). Les pollutions marines par des fiouls lourds: quels outils analytiques spécifiques? = Marine oil spills by heavy fuel oils: a selection of adapted analytical tools, in: Oudot, J. (Ed.) Pollution pétrolière et océan. Séminaire de l'Institut océanographique de Paris, Mardi 3 février 2004. Océanis (Paris), 30-4 (2004): pp. 461-477
In: Oudot, J. (Ed.) (2008). Pollution pétrolière et océan. Séminaire de l'Institut océanographique de Paris, Mardi 3 février 2004. Océanis (Paris), 30-4 (2004). Institut Océanographique: Paris. 445-598 pp.
In: Océanis (Paris). Institut Océanographique: Paris. ISSN 0182-0745
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Documenttype: Congresbijdrage
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| Trefwoord |
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| Author keywords |
marine oil spills, petroleum, hydrocarbons, characterisation, analyses |
| Auteurs | | Top |
- Fafet, A.
- Benoît, Y.
- Da Silva, M.
- Bertoncini, F.
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- Durand, J.-P.
- Ballerini, D.
- Haeseler, F.
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| Abstract |
The shipwrecks of the oil tankers Erika and Prestige occurred respectively on December the 12* 1999 off the southern coast of Britanny and on November the 19* 2002 off the coast of Galice in Spain. Both led to large oil spills: more than 10 000 tons of fuel oil n° 2 were released in the Atlantic Ocean in the south of Finistère as a consequence of the Erika and probably five times as much from the Prestige. Detailed analytical characterisations of the fuel oils laden in both Prestige and Erika as well as of other fuel oils n° 2 have been performed. The analytical procedure used consisted in physico-chemical parameters such as viscosity, flash point, water content, concentration of insoluble compounds and distillation curves. Furthermore, this characterisation included evaluation of the chemical classes (saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, resins and asphaltens), research for geochemical markers and quantification of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The characterisation was carried out on samples collected in both ships as well as in the marine and shoreline environment. The results obtained showed that the characterisation was quite appropriate to identify precisely the product laden in the ships and to recognise them. It was concluded that two complementary techniques were sufficient to assess the origin of the oil sample: simulated distillation to give a fingerprint of the oil, on the one hand, and analysis of geochemical markers including hopanes and steranes, on the other. This paper shows a detailed comparison of analytical data of those two similar oil spills. The similarities and differences are discussed in detail. |
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