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First discovery and formation process of authigenic siderite from gas hydrate–bearing mud volcanoes in fresh water: Lake Baikal, eastern Siberia
Krylov, A.; Khlystov, O.; Zemskaya, T.; Minami, H.; Hachikubo, A.; Nunokawa, Y.; Kida, M.; Shoji, H.; Naudts, L.; Poort, J.; Pogodaeva, T. (2008). First discovery and formation process of authigenic siderite from gas hydrate–bearing mud volcanoes in fresh water: Lake Baikal, eastern Siberia. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35(5): 6 pp. dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007GL032917
In: Geophysical Research Letters. American Geophysical Union: Washington. ISSN 0094-8276; e-ISSN 1944-8007, meer
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Krylov, A.
  • Khlystov, O.
  • Zemskaya, T.
  • Minami, H.
  • Hachikubo, A.
  • Nunokawa, Y.
  • Kida, M.
  • Shoji, H.
  • Naudts, L.
  • Poort, J.
  • Pogodaeva, T.
Abstract
    We report on the first authigenic siderite (FeCO3) concretions recovered from near-bottom sediments at gas hydrate-bearing mud volcanoes in fresh water (Lake Baikal, Eastern Siberia). The carbonates appear as firm ‘plate-type’ formations at the Malenky mud volcano (Southern Baikal Basin) and as soft nodules at the K-2 mud volcano (Central Baikal Basin). Calcium is the main divalent component which substitutes iron in the carbonate lattice (7 to 20 mol%). The d 13C values of the carbonates (+3.3 to +6.8‰ at Malenky, and +16.5 to +21.9‰ PDB at K-2) indicate that their formation is due to methanogenesis. The latter was most likely caused by the microbial methyl-type (acetate) fermentation that is suggested from the isotopic composition of the accompanying methane hydrates and dissolved methane. General depletion of the siderites in 18O (-11.6 to -9.9 ‰ at Malenky, and -13.9 to -12.3‰ PDB at K-2) is mainly inherited from the isotope composition of pore water (-15.2 to -15.4‰ SMOW) at ambient temperature (3.5°C).
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