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Highly variable El Niño–Southern Oscillation throughout the Holocene
Cobb, K.M.; Westphal, N.; Sayani, H.R.; Watson, J.T.; Di Lorenzo, E.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Charles, C.D. (2013). Highly variable El Niño–Southern Oscillation throughout the Holocene. Science (Wash.) 339(6115): 67-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1228246
In: Science (Washington). American Association for the Advancement of Science: New York, N.Y. ISSN 0036-8075; e-ISSN 1095-9203, meer
Peer reviewed article  
Beschikbaar in  Auteurs 
Trefwoorden
    El Nino
    Geological time > Phanerozoic > Geological time > Cenozoic > Quaternary > Holocene
    Oscillations > Southern oscillation
    Marien/Kust
Auteurs  Top 
  • Cobb, K.M.
  • Westphal, N.
  • Sayani, H.R.
  • Watson, J.T.
  • Di Lorenzo, E.
  • Cheng, H.
  • Edwards, R.L.
  • Charles, C.D.
Abstract
    The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives large changes in global climate patterns from year to year, yet its sensitivity to continued anthropogenic greenhouse forcing is uncertain. We analyzed fossil coral reconstructions of ENSO spanning the past 7000 years from the Northern Line Islands, located in the center of action for ENSO. The corals document highly variable ENSO activity, with no evidence for a systematic trend in ENSO variance, which is contrary to some models that exhibit a response to insolation forcing over this same period. Twentieth-century ENSO variance is significantly higher than average fossil coral ENSO variance but is not unprecedented. Our results suggest that forced changes in ENSO, whether natural or anthropogenic, may be difficult to detect against a background of large internal variability.
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