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Sea ice ecosystems
Arrigo, K.R. (2014). Sea ice ecosystems, in: Carlson, C.A. et al. Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 6. Annual Review of Marine Science, 6: pp. 439-467. https://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135103
In: Carlson, C.A.; Giovannoni, S.J. (Ed.) (2014). Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 6. Annual Review of Marine Science, 6. Annual Reviews: Palo Alto. ISBN 978-0-8243-4506-8. 487 pp.
In: Annual Review of Marine Science. Annual Reviews: Palo Alto, Calif. ISSN 1941-1405; e-ISSN 1941-0611
Peer reviewed article  
Beschikbaar in  Auteur 
Trefwoord
    Marien/Kust
Author keywords
    Arctic, Antarctic, brine, microalgae, microbial community
Auteur  Top 
  • Arrigo, K.R.
Abstract
    Polar sea ice is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth. The liquid brine fraction of the ice matrix is home to a diverse array of organisms, ranging from tiny archaea to larger fish and invertebrates. These organisms can tolerate high brine salinity and low temperature but do best when conditions are milder. Thriving ice algal communities, generally dominated by diatoms, live at the ice/water interface and in recently flooded surface and interior layers, especially during spring, when temperatures begin to rise. Although protists dominate the sea ice biomass, heterotrophic bacteria are also abundant. The sea ice ecosystem provides food for a host of animals, with crustaceans being the most conspicuous. Uneaten organic matter from the ice sinks through the water column and feeds benthic ecosystems. As sea ice extent declines, ice algae likely contribute a shrinking fraction of the total amount of organic matter produced in polar waters.
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