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Evidence for ice-free summers in the late Miocene central Arctic Ocean
Stein, R.; Fahl, K.; Schreck, M.; Knorr, G.; Niessen, F.; Forwick, M.; Gebhardt, A.C.; Jensen, L.; Kaminski, M.; Kopf, A.; Matthiessen, J.; Jokat, W.; Lohmann, G. (2016). Evidence for ice-free summers in the late Miocene central Arctic Ocean. Nature Comm. 7(11148): 13 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11148
In: Nature Communications. Nature Publishing Group: London. ISSN 2041-1723; e-ISSN 2041-1723
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Stein, R.
  • Fahl, K.
  • Schreck, M.
  • Knorr, G.
  • Niessen, F.
  • Forwick, M.
  • Gebhardt, A.C.
  • Jensen, L.
  • Kaminski, M.
  • Kopf, A.
  • Matthiessen, J.
  • Jokat, W.
  • Lohmann, G.
Abstract
    Although the permanently to seasonally ice-covered Arctic Ocean is a unique and sensitive component in the Earth’s climate system, the knowledge of its long-term climate history remains very limited due to the restricted number of pre-Quaternary sedimentary records. During Polarstern Expedition PS87/2014, we discovered multiple submarine landslides along Lomonosov Ridge. Removal of younger sediments from steep headwalls has led to exhumation of Miocene sediments close to the seafloor. Here we document the presence of IP25 as a proxy for spring sea-ice cover and alkenone-based summer sea-surface temperatures 4°C that support a seasonal sea-ice cover with an ice-free summer seasonbeing predominant during the late Miocene in the central Arctic Ocean. A comparison of our proxy data with Miocene climate simulations seems to favour either relatively high lateMiocene atmospheric CO2 concentrations and/or a weak sensitivity of the model to simulate the magnitude of high-latitude warming in a warmer than modern climate.
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