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Physiological and genomic characterization of two novel marine thaumarchaeal strains indicates niche differentiation
Bayer, B.; Vojvoda, J.; Offre, P.; Alves, R.J.E.; Elisabeth, N.H.; Garcia, J.A.L.; Volland, J.-M.; Srivastava, A.; Schleper, C.; Herndl, G. (2016). Physiological and genomic characterization of two novel marine thaumarchaeal strains indicates niche differentiation. ISME J. 10: 1051-1063. dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.200
In: The ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology. Nature Publishing Group: London. ISSN 1751-7362; e-ISSN 1751-7370
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Bayer, B.
  • Vojvoda, J.
  • Offre, P.
  • Alves, R.J.E.
  • Elisabeth, N.H.
  • Garcia, J.A.L.
  • Volland, J.-M.
  • Srivastava, A.
  • Schleper, C.
  • Herndl, G.
Abstract
    Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) are ubiquitous throughout the oceanic water column; however,our knowledge on their physiological and ecological diversity in different oceanic regions is ratherlimited. Here, we report the cultivation and characterization of two novel Nitrosopumilus strains,originating from coastal surface waters of the Northern Adriatic Sea. The combined physiological andgenomic information revealed that each strain exhibits different metabolic and functional traits,potentially reflecting contrasting life modes. Strain NF5 contains many chemotaxis-related genes andis able to express archaella, suggesting that it can sense and actively seek favorable microenvironmentssuch as nutrient-rich particles. In contrast, strain D3C is non-motile and shows higherversatility in substrate utilization, being able to use urea as an alternative substrate in addition toammonia. Furthermore, it encodes a divergent, second copy of the AmoB subunit of the key enzymeammonia monooxygenase, which might have an additional catalytic function and suggests furthermetabolic versatility. However, the role of this gene requires further investigation. Our results provideevidence for functional diversity and metabolic versatility among phylogenetically closely relatedthaumarchaeal strains, and point toward adaptations to free-living versus particle-associated lifestyles and possible niche differentiation among AOA in marine ecosystems.
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