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No deep diving: evidence of predation on epipelagic fish for a stem beaked whale from the Late Miocene of Peru
Lambert, O.; Collareta, A; Landini, W; Post, K; Ramassamy, B; Di Celma, C; Urbina, M; Bianucci, G (2015). No deep diving: evidence of predation on epipelagic fish for a stem beaked whale from the Late Miocene of Peru. Proc. - Royal Soc., Biol. Sci. 282(1815): 20151530. https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1530
In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. The Royal Society: London. ISSN 0962-8452; e-ISSN 1471-2954
Peer reviewed article  
Beschikbaar in  Auteurs 
Trefwoorden
    Odontoceti Flower, 1867 [WoRMS]; Sardinops Hubbs, 1929 [WoRMS]; Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842) [WoRMS]; Ziphiidae Gray, 1850 [WoRMS]
    Marien/Kust
Author keywords
    feeding; fossil; Odontoceti; pacific sardine; Sardinops; Ziphiidae
Auteurs  Top 
  • Lambert, O.
  • Collareta, A.
  • Landini, W.
  • Post, K.
  • Ramassamy, B.
  • Di Celma, C.
  • Urbina, M.
  • Bianucci, G.
Abstract
    Although modern beaked whales (Ziphiidae) are known to be highly specialized toothed whales that predominantly feed at great depths upon benthic and benthopelagic prey, only limited palaeontological data document this major ecological shift. We report on a ziphiid–fish assemblage from the Late Miocene of Peru that we interpret as the first direct evidence of a predator–prey relationship between a ziphiid and epipelagic fish. Preserved in a dolomite concretion, a skeleton of the stem ziphiid Messapicetus gregarius was discovered together with numerous skeletons of a clupeiform fish closely related to the epipelagic extant Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax). Based on the position of fish individuals along the head and chest regions of the ziphiid, the lack of digestion marks on fish remains and the homogeneous size of individuals, we propose that this assemblage results from the death of the whale (possibly via toxin poisoning) shortly after the capture of prey from a single school. Together with morphological data and the frequent discovery of fossil crown ziphiids in deep-sea deposits, this exceptional record supports the hypothesis that only more derived ziphiids were regular deep divers and that the extinction of epipelagic forms may coincide with the radiation of true dolphins.
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