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Soil organic carbon stocks in a tidal marsh landscape are dominated by human marsh embankment and subsequent marsh progradation
Van de Broek, M.; Baert, L.; Temmerman, S.; Govers, G. (2019). Soil organic carbon stocks in a tidal marsh landscape are dominated by human marsh embankment and subsequent marsh progradation. Eur. j. soil sci. (Print) 70(2): 338-349. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12739
In: European Journal of Soil Science. Blackwel Science Ltd./Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford. ISSN 1351-0754; e-ISSN 1365-2389
Peer reviewed article  
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Trefwoorden
    Marien/Kust; Brak water; Zoet water
Auteurs  Top 
  • Van de Broek, M.
  • Baert, L.
  • Temmerman, S.
  • Govers, G.
Abstract
    Tidal marshes are coastal and estuarine ecosystems that store large amounts of sedimentary organic carbon (OC). Despite the valuable ecosystem services they deliver, tidal marshes have been converted to other land use types over the past centuries. Although previous studies have reported large decreases in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks after tidal marsh embankment, knowledge on the magnitude and rate of OC losses is still limited. Here, we studied the effect of stepwise embankments of brackish and salt marshes and subsequent marsh progradation on SOC stocks in the Scheldt estuary (The Netherlands). We collected samples from soil profiles along tidal marsh–reclaimed tidal marsh chronosequences and determined total OC stocks and the stable carbon signature of the OC. Our results showed that large losses of previously sequestered SOC occur on a decadal timescale with the embankment of brackish (–8.7 ± 0.7 kg OC m‐2) and salt marshes (–6.7 ± 0.8 kg OC m‐2). The (incomplete) replacement of tidal marsh OC by agricultural OC is substantially faster in topsoils (ca. a century) compared to subsoils (multiple centuries). Simulations with a coupled land use–SOC model showed that large rates of marsh progradation following embankment construction resulted in a substantial increase in landscape‐scale SOC storage, whereas large SOC losses occurred in landscapes dominated by embanked tidal marshes. The findings of our study might help to assess how these management practices affect regional SOC stocks.
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