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Greenhouse warming intensifies north tropical Atlantic climate variability
Yang, Y.; Wu, L.; Guo, Y.; Gan, B.; Cai, W.; Huang, G.; Li, X.; Geng, T.; Jing, Z.; Li, S.; Liang, X.; Xie, S.-P. (2021). Greenhouse warming intensifies north tropical Atlantic climate variability. Science Advances 7(35): eabg9690. https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg9690
In: Science Advances. AAAS: New York. ISSN 2375-2548; e-ISSN 2375-2548
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Yang, Y.
  • Wu, L.
  • Guo, Y.
  • Gan, B.
  • Cai, W.
  • Huang, G.
  • Li, X.
  • Geng, T.
  • Jing, Z.
  • Li, S.
  • Liang, X.
  • Xie, S.-P.
Abstract
    Variability of North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) sea surface temperature (SST), characterized by a near-uniform warming at its positive phase, is a consequential mode of climate variability. Modulated by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation, NTA warm anomalies tend to induce La Niña events, droughts in Northeast Brazil, increased frequency of extreme hurricanes, and phytoplankton blooms in the Guinea Dome. Future changes of NTA variability could have profound socioeconomic impacts yet remain unknown. Here, we reveal a robust intensification of NTA variability under greenhouse warming. This intensification mainly arises from strengthening of ENSO-forced Pacific-North American pattern and tropospheric temperature anomalies, as a consequence of an eastward shift of ENSO-induced equatorial Pacific convection and of increased ENSO variability, which enhances ENSO influence by reinforcing the associated wind and moist convection anomalies. The intensification of NTA SST variability suggests increased occurrences of extreme NTA events, with far-reaching ramifications.
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