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Impact assessment of mechanical harvesting Arenicola marina on macrobenthic communities and the potential of DNA metabarcoding to replace tradional methods
van Son, L. (2020). Impact assessment of mechanical harvesting Arenicola marina on macrobenthic communities and the potential of DNA metabarcoding to replace tradional methods. Naturalis Biodiversity Center/Wageningen University and Research: Leiden.
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| Abstract |
Anthropogenic disturbances negatively affect marine ecosystems and biodiversity. Macrobenthic communities are a good indicator for marine ecosystem health, as they are known to respond fast under a range of anthropogenic and natural pressures. The traditional macrobenthic biomonitoring based on morphological identification is labour intensive and costly. DNA-based identification is a possible solution to overcome these challenges. Currently, methodologies differ substantially between studies. This study aims to assess the impact of mechanically harvesting Arenicola marina on macrobenthic communities. This impact assessment is performed on a morphological, quantitative dataset. For future comparison of both methods, this study aims to determine optimal methods for DNA metabarcoding of macrobenthos based on a literature study. Furthermore, the potential of DNA metabarcoding replacing traditional methods is explored using a presence absence dataset. It was hypothesised that mechanically harvesting would have a negative effect on macrobenthos and cause a shift towards more opportunistic species in the macrobenthic communities. However, this was not found. Mechanically harvested Arenicola marina were quickly replaced by juvenile recruits. There was no significant effect found of mechanically harvesting on macrobenthic communities, both over the entire sampling period and within the first three months. Macrobenthic community difference was explained by two other factors: time and location. This is likely due to natural variation in populations and the heterogenous sediment properties of the Wadden Sea. Interestingly, using presence-absence data led to similar outcomes as the abundance data. This implies that metabarcoding might replace traditional morphological identification in the future. Despite this promising outcome, the effects of using DNA metabarcoding data rather than morphological identified data on the outcome of biomonitoring analysis remains to be tested more elaborately. Therefore, it is recommended to use DNA metabarcoding approaches complementary to the traditional methods until the consequences of using presence-absence data instead of quantitative data are better understood. |
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