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A global analysis of complexity-biodiversity relationships on marine artificial structures
Strain, E.M.A.; Steinberg, P.D.; Vozzo, M.; Johnston, E.L.; Abbiati, M.; Aguilera, M.A.; Airoldi, L.; Aguirre, J.D.; Ashton, G.; Bernardi, M.; Brooks, P.; Chan, B.K.K.; Cheah, C.B.; Chee, S.Y.; Coutinho, R.; Crowe, T.; Davey, A.; Firth, L.B.; Fraser, C.; Hanley, M.E.; Hawkins, S.J.; Knick, K.E.; Lau, E.T.C.; Leung, K.M.Y.; McKenzie, C.; Macleod, C.; Mafanya, S.; Mancuso, F.P.; Messano, L.V.R.; Naval-Xavier, L.P.D.; Ng, T.P.T.; O'Shaughnessy, K.A.; Pattrick, P.; Perkins, M.J.; Perkol-Finkel, S.; Porri, F.; Ross, D.J.; Ruiz, G.; Sella, I.; Seitz, R.; Shirazi, R.; Thiel, M.; Thompson, R.C.; Yee, J.C.; Zabin, C.; Bishop, M.J. (2021). A global analysis of complexity-biodiversity relationships on marine artificial structures. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 30(1): 140-153. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13202
In: Global Ecology and Biogeography. Blackwell Science: Oxford. ISSN 1466-822X; e-ISSN 1466-8238
Peer reviewed article  
Beschikbaar in  Auteurs 
Trefwoord
    Marien/Kust
Author keywords
    bays; benthic; biodiversity; breakwaters; eco-engineering; estuaries; intertidal; seawalls; tile; urban
Auteurs  Top 
  • Strain, E.M.A.
  • Steinberg, P.D.
  • Vozzo, M.
  • Johnston, E.L.
  • Abbiati, M.
  • Aguilera, M.A.
  • Airoldi, L.
  • Aguirre, J.D.
  • Ashton, G.
  • Bernardi, M.
  • Brooks, P.
  • Chan, B.K.K.
  • Cheah, C.B.
  • Chee, S.Y.
  • Coutinho, R.
  • Crowe, T.
  • Davey, A.
  • Firth, L.B.
  • Fraser, C.
  • Hanley, M.E.
  • Hawkins, S.J.
  • Knick, K.E.
  • Lau, E.T.C.
  • Leung, K.M.Y.
  • McKenzie, C.
  • Macleod, C.
  • Mafanya, S.
  • Mancuso, F.P.
  • Messano, L.V.R.
  • Naval-Xavier, L.P.D.
  • Ng, T.P.T.
  • O'Shaughnessy, K.A.
  • Pattrick, P.
  • Perkins, M.J.
  • Perkol-Finkel, S.
  • Porri, F.
  • Ross, D.J.
  • Ruiz, G.
  • Sella, I.
  • Seitz, R.
  • Shirazi, R.
  • Thiel, M.
  • Thompson, R.C.
  • Yee, J.C.
  • Zabin, C.
  • Bishop, M.J.
Abstract

    Aim

    Topographic complexity is widely accepted as a key driver of biodiversity, but at the patch-scale, complexity–biodiversity relationships may vary spatially and temporally according to the environmental stressors complexity mitigates, and the species richness and identity of potential colonists. Using a manipulative experiment, we assessed spatial variation in patch-scale effects of complexity on intertidal biodiversity.

    Location

    27 sites within 14 estuaries/bays distributed globally.

    Time period

    2015–2017.

    Major taxa studied

    Functional groups of algae, sessile and mobile invertebrates.

    Methods

    Concrete tiles of differing complexity (flat; 2.5-cm or 5-cm complex) were affixed at low–high intertidal elevation on coastal defence structures, and the richness and abundance of the colonizing taxa were quantified after 12 months.

    Results

    The patch-scale effects of complexity varied spatially and among functional groups. Complexity had neutral to positive effects on total, invertebrate and algal taxa richness, and invertebrate abundances. However, effects on the abundance of algae ranged from positive to negative, depending on location and functional group. The tidal elevation at which tiles were placed accounted for some variation. The total and invertebrate richness were greater at low or mid than at high intertidal elevations. Latitude was also an important source of spatial variation, with the effects of complexity on total richness and mobile mollusc abundance greatest at lower latitudes, whilst the cover of sessile invertebrates and sessile molluscs responded most strongly to complexity at higher latitudes.

    Conclusions

    After 12 months, patch-scale relationships between biodiversity and habitat complexity were not universally positive. Instead, the relationship varied among functional groups and according to local abiotic and biotic conditions. This result challenges the assumption that effects of complexity on biodiversity are universally positive. The variable effect of complexity has ramifications for community and applied ecology, including eco-engineering and restoration that seek to bolster biodiversity through the addition of complexity.
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