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Survivorship of juvenile surf clams Donax serra (Bivalvia, Donacidae) exposed to severe hypoxia and hydrogen sulphide Laudien, J.; Schiedek, D.; Brey, T.; Arntz, W.E. (2002). Survivorship of juvenile surf clams Donax serra (Bivalvia, Donacidae) exposed to severe hypoxia and hydrogen sulphide. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 271: 9-23. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00030-8 In: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. Elsevier: New York. ISSN 0022-0981; e-ISSN 1879-1697

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Trefwoorden

Anoxic conditions Biology > Physiology > Ecophysiology Chemical compounds > Sulphur compounds > Sulphides Chemical compounds > Sulphur compounds > Sulphides > Hydrogen compounds > Hydrogen sulphide Detoxification Developmental stages > Juveniles Diseases > Human diseases > Hypoxia Environments > Aquatic environment > Benthic environment > Littoral zone Environments > Aquatic environment > Marine environment > Intertidal environment Fauna > Aquatic organisms > Aquatic animals > Shellfish > Marine organisms > Marine molluscs Namibia Population dynamics Population functions > Recruitment Properties > Biological properties > Toxicity PSW, Benguela Upwelling PSW, South Atlantic Survival Topographic features > Landforms > Coastal landforms > Beaches Donax serra Röding, 1798 [WoRMS] Namibia [Marine Regions]; South Atlantic Ocean [Marine Regions] Marien/Kust

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Auteurs		Top
Laudien, J. Schiedek, D. Brey, T. Arntz, W.E.

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Abstract

Toxic "sulphide eruptions" sporadically occur in the highly productive inshore regions of the central Namibian Benguela Upwelling system. The surf clam Donax serra (Roeding, 1798) dominates the intertidal and upper subtidal of large exposed sandy beaches of southern Africa and its recruitment seems to be affected by sulphide events. The reaction of juvenile surf clams to low oxygen concentrations and sulphide occurrence (0.1 mmol l -1) was examined by in vitro exposure experiments in a gas-tight continuous flow system. After 2 h of hypoxic- and hypoxic/sulphidic conditions, clams moved to the sediment surface, aiding their passive transport to areas with more favourable conditions. The clams showed a high sulphide detoxification capacity by oxidizing the penetrating hydrogen sulphide to non-toxic thiosulphate. Moreover, juvenile D. serra switched to anaerobic energy production, indicated by the significant accumulation of succinate and, to some extent, alanine. Test animals were not able to reduce their energy requirements enough to withstand long periods of exposure, leading to a median survival time (LT 50) of 80 h under hypoxic sulphide incubation. In conclusion, natural "sulphide eruptions", especially those with a large spatial and temporal extension, have to be considered as an important factor for D. serra recruitment failures. Hydrogen sulphide is assumed to be a potential community structuring factor.

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