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| Atmospheric deposition fluxes to the Belgian marine waters originating from ship emissions | |
| https://www.vliz.be/vmdcdata/midas/cruise.php?thiscamp=78 | |
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Acroniem: SHIPFLUX Periode: September 2009 tot Augustus 2011 Status: Afgelopen |
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| Instituten (3) | Top |
| Abstract |
| Context
The anthropogenic pollutant input triggering coastal eutrophication (i.e., increased bioproductivity) at the Southern Bight of the North Sea is still a serious concern in present years. The contribution of atmospheric input of pollutants to eutrophication initiates an increasing scientific and policy-related interest, but it is still not well studied. Especially the role of pollutants released from the large cargo/ferry boats taking part in the national and international ship-traffic has not yet been characterized. Atmospheric nutrients and toxic substances deposited into the marine environment can be accumulated and amplified in the food chain, and might contribute to the coastal euthropication. Therefore, their influence on marine ecosystems certainly needs to be systematically studied. Project description Objectives The aim of the SHIPFLUX project is (1) to study the dry and wet deposition of ship-traffic pollutants (e.g. heavy metals and some gaseous/solid phase nutrients and persistent organic pollutants (POPs)) over the coastal waters of the Southern North Sea and at a coastal spot of the Belgian coast (De Haan), by means of atmospheric gaseous, aerosol, and precipitation samples, (2) to compare and understand temporal and seasonal differences in these atmospheric pollutant fluxes over North Sea waters. The main objectives of the project are as follows:
Methodology The methodology is based on combining atmospheric measurements and computer-based model calculations. Measurements of relevant gaseous and particulate species will be carried out over sea during certain research cruises, aiming to collect a sufficient sample of observations for establishing a representative view on pollutant concentrations over the marine region under study. For the sampling of atmospheric gases, aerosols and precipitation, denuders (e.g. for HNO2, HNO3 NH3), automatic air-quality monitors (e.g., for Nox, SO2, and O3), and low (for metals) and high (for POPs) volume aerosol samplers, and rainwater samplers will be applied. For the analysis of various chemical species, novel X-ray spectrometric and chromatographic analytical methods will be elaborated and applied. The acquired atmospheric data, including precise geo-location determined by a GPS and temporal information, will then be used to validate computer simulations performed by means of atmospheric models. With respect to the latter, particular efforts will be done to properly represent the mechanisms of dry and wet deposition, and to provide detailed emission estimates. Once the models are validated for a base case (year 2010) simulation, scenario simulations will be run to assess the contribution of shipping emissions and of emission reduction measures on deposition. Finally, the share of shipping-related emissions to deposition of nutrients and bioaccumulable toxics in the Belgian marine waters will be compared to the input from rivers. |
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