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| Holocene alluvial sediment storage in a small river catchment in the loess area of central Belgium Rommens, T.; Verstraeten, G.; Bogman, P.; Peeters, I.; Poesen, J.; Govers, G.; Van Rompaey, A.; Lang, A. (2006). Holocene alluvial sediment storage in a small river catchment in the loess area of central Belgium. Geomorphology (Amst.) 77(1-2): 187-201
In: Geomorphology. Elsevier: Amsterdam; New York; Oxford; Tokyo. ISSN 0169-555X; e-ISSN 1872-695X, meer
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| Trefwoorden |
Erosion > Soil erosion Holocene sediments Human impact Sediments > Alluvial deposits |
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| Abstract |
 14 × 106 t stored in the valley bottom. Three alluvial units could be distinguished and associated with deposition phases from 9600 to 2900 B.C., 2900 B.C. to A.D. 1000 and A.D. 1000 to present. In contrast to the older sediments (units 1 and 2), deposits from the last 1000 year (unit 3) contain little organic matter. They are seldom intercalated with peat layers, and devoid of tufa. Unit 3 reaches a thickness of c. 2 m, thereby representing 50% of the Holocene sediment mass stored in the alluvial plain. The mean sedimentation rate in the alluvial plain for this last phase is 26 t ha− 1 a− 1, which is about tenfold larger than the sedimentation rates calculated for the older Holocene sediment units. Sediment supply towards the alluvial plain has therefore increased tremendously since Medieval times.These results are in contrast to dating results obtained for colluvial sediments in a nearby dry valley within the catchment of the Nethen, where soil erosion and sediment deposition started in the early Iron Age and was already substantial during the Roman Age. This means that there is a time lag of about one millennium between the onset of high sedimentation rates in the upstream area and high deposition rates in the alluvial plain. This is probably caused by a change in coupling (sediment connectivity) between the plateau, slopes, and rivers. As soil erosion proceeds, first the dry zero-order valleys in the catchment act as sediment traps, and only after these are filled sediment reaches the floodplains. The preliminary sediment budget for the Nethen catchment illustrates that 50% of the sediment that was eroded during the Holocene was stored in colluvial deposits, which are mainly located on footslopes and in dry valley bottoms. Another 29% of the sediment mass is stored in the alluvial plain. |
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