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Emerging and recurring diseases in cetaceans worldwide and the role of environmental stressors. Scientific Committee Document SC/60/DW5, International Whaling Commission, June 2008, Santiago, Chile
Van Bressem, M.-F.; Raga, J.A.; Di Guardo, G.; Jepson, P.; Duignan, P.; Siebert, U.; Barrett, T.; de Oliveira Santos, M.C.; Moreno, I.; Siciliano, S.; Aguilar, A.; Van Waerebeek, K. (2008). Emerging and recurring diseases in cetaceans worldwide and the role of environmental stressors. Scientific Committee Document SC/60/DW5, International Whaling Commission, June 2008, Santiago, Chile. International Whaling Commission: Santiago. 13 pp.
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  • Van Bressem, M.-F.
  • Raga, J.A., meer
  • Di Guardo, G.
  • Jepson, P.
  • Duignan, P.
  • Siebert, U.
  • Barrett, T.
  • de Oliveira Santos, M.C.
  • Moreno, I.
  • Siciliano, S.
  • Aguilar, A.
  • Van Waerebeek, K., meer
Abstract
    Emerging and recurring infectious diseases known or suspected to have the potential to significantly impact cetacean populations, and possible synergistic effects of environmental factors are reviewed. Cetacean morbilliviruses and papillomaviruses and brucellosis may affect population densities through high mortality rates or interference with reproduction. Evidence is available for the role of environmental factors in the emergence/recurrence and severity of at least six infectious conditions i.e. lobomycosis, toxoplasmosis, tattoo skin disease, generalized bacterial infections, miscellaneous skin diseases and morbillivirus epizootics. Other micro-parasites of potential importance include rhabdo-, herpes- and parainfluenza-viruses as well as Helicobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., Salmonella spp. and Mycobacterium marinum. The population impact and aetiology of newly emerging skin diseases in South America are unknown and represent a cause of concern.
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