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Recent change - North Sea
Huthnance, J.; Weisse, R.; Wahl, T.; Thomas, H.; Pietrzak, J.; Souza, A.J.; Van Heteren, S.; Schmelzer, N.; van Beusekom, J.; Colijn, F.; Haigh, I.; Hjøllo, S.; Holfort, J.; Kent, E.C.; Kühn, W.; Loewe, P.; Lorkowski, I.; Mork, K.A.; Pätsch, J.; Quante, M.; Salt, L.; Siddorn, J.; Smyth, T.; Sterl, A.; Woodworth, P. (2016). Recent change - North Sea, in: Quante, M. et al. North Sea region climate change assessment. Regional Climate Studies, : pp. 85-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39745-0_3
In: Quante, M.; Colijn, F. (Ed.) (2016). North Sea region climate change assessment. Regional Climate Studies. Springer: Switzerland. ISBN 978-3-319-39743-6. xlv, 528 pp., meer
In: Regional Climate Studies. Springer: Berlin. ISSN 1862-0248; e-ISSN 1865-505X, meer
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Huthnance, J.
  • Weisse, R.
  • Wahl, T.
  • Thomas, H., meer
  • Pietrzak, J.
  • Souza, A.J.
  • Van Heteren, S.
  • Schmelzer, N.
  • van Beusekom, J.
  • Colijn, F., meer
  • Haigh, I.
  • Hjøllo, S.
  • Holfort, J.
  • Kent, E.C.
  • Kühn, W.
  • Loewe, P.
  • Lorkowski, I.
  • Mork, K.A.
  • Pätsch, J.
  • Quante, M.
  • Salt, L.
  • Siddorn, J.
  • Smyth, T.
  • Sterl, A.
  • Woodworth, P.
Abstract
    This chapter discusses past and ongoing change in the following physical variables within the North Sea: temperature, salinity and stratification; currents and circulation; mean sea level; and extreme sea levels. Also considered are carbon dioxide; pH and nutrients; oxygen; suspended particulate matter and turbidity; coastal erosion, sedimentation and morphology; and sea ice. The distinctive character of the Wadden Sea is addressed, with a particular focus on nutrients and sediments. This chapter covers the past 200 years and focuses on the historical development of evidence (measurements, process understanding and models), the form, duration and accuracy of the evidence available, and what the evidence shows in terms of the state and trends in the respective variables. Much work has focused on detecting long-term change in the North Sea region, either from measurements or with models. Attempts to attribute such changes to, for example, anthropogenic forcing are still missing for the North Sea. Studies are urgently needed to assess consistency between observed changes and current expectations, in order to increase the level of confidence in projections of expected future conditions.
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