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Seasonal variations in flocculation and erosion affecting the large‐scale suspended sediment distribution in the Scheldt estuary: the importance of biotic effects
Horemans, D.M.L.; Dijkstra, Y.M.; Schuttelaars, H.M.; Sabbe, K.; Vyverman, W.; Meire, P.; Cox, T.J.S. (2021). Seasonal variations in flocculation and erosion affecting the large‐scale suspended sediment distribution in the Scheldt estuary: the importance of biotic effects. JGR: Oceans 126(4): e2020JC016805. https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016805

Bijhorende data:
In: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans. AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION: Washington. ISSN 2169-9275; e-ISSN 2169-9291, meer
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Horemans, D.M.L., meer
  • Dijkstra, Y.M.
  • Schuttelaars, H.M., meer
  • Sabbe, K., meer
Abstract
    Many estuaries exhibit seasonality in the estuary‐scale distribution of suspended particulate matter (SPM). This SPM distribution depends on various factors, including freshwater discharge, salinity intrusion, erodibility, and the ability of cohesive SPM to flocculate into larger aggregates. Various authors indicate that biotic factors, such as the presence of algae and their excretion of sticky transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), affect the flocculation and erosion processes. Consequently, seasonality in these biotic factors may play a role in the observed seasonality in SPM. Whereas the impact of abiotic factors on seasonality in SPM is well studied, the relative contribution of biotically induced seasonality is largely unknown. In this study, we employ two approaches to assess the aggregated importance of biotically induced seasonality in flocculation and erosion on seasonality in SPM in the Scheldt estuary. In the first approach, we focus on seasonality of in situ observations in the Scheldt estuary of turbidity, floc size, Chlorophyll‐a, and TEP, showing that the abiotic parameters show seasonality, while seasonality in TEP is ambiguous. The second approach concerns a reverse engineering method to calibrate biotically affected parameters of a coupled sediment transport‐flocculation model to turbidity observations, allowing us to compare the modeled SPM concentrations to the observations. Driven by seasonality in freshwater discharge, the model captures the observed seasonality in SPM without requiring biotically induced seasonality in flocculation and erosion, which is supported by the absence of seasonality in TEP.
Datasets (5)
  • Maris, T.; Claus, J.; Meire, P.; Ecosystem Management Research Group - Uantwerpen ; International Marine and Dredging Consultants nv.; De Vlaamse Waterweg; Belgium; (2021): Floc size distribution measured monthly or bi-weekly in the Zeeschelde at 12 stations using a LISST 200x instrument, meer
  • Maris, T.; Claus, J.; Meire, P.; Ecosystem Management Research Group - Uantwerpen ; International Marine and Dredging Consultants nv.; De Vlaamse Waterweg; Belgium; (2021): Turbidity and suspended sediment concentration profiles measured monthly or bi-weekly in the Zeeschelde at 16 stations using an OBS instrument., meer
  • Maris, T.; Meire, P.; ECOBE - Uantwerpen; De Vlaamse Waterweg; Belgium; (2021); Chlorophyll a measured monthly or bi-weekly in the Zeeschelde at 16 stations, meer
  • Maris, T.; Van Der Spiet, T. ; Meire, P.; Ecosystem Management Research Group - Uantwerpen; De Vlaamse Waterweg; Belgium; (2021): Primary particle size distribution measured monthly in the Zeeschelde at 16 stations using a Mastersizer2000 instrument, meer
  • Vyverman, W.; Maris, T.; Daveloose, I.; Sabbe, K.; Meire P.; Protistology & Aquatic Ecology - Ugent; Ecosystem Management Research Group - Uantwerpen; De Vlaamse Waterweg, Belgium; (2021): Transparent exopolymer particles measured monthly in the Zeeschelde at 11 stations., meer
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