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The adaptive significance of chromatophores in the Arctic under-ice amphipod Apherusa glacialis
Fuhrmann, M.M.; Nygård, H.; Krapp, R.H.; Berge, J.; Werner, I. (2011). The adaptive significance of chromatophores in the Arctic under-ice amphipod Apherusa glacialis. Polar Biol. 34(6): 823-832. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0938-1
In: Polar Biology. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg. ISSN 0722-4060; e-ISSN 1432-2056, meer
Peer reviewed article  
Beschikbaar in  Auteurs | Dataset 
Trefwoorden
    Radiations > Electromagnetic radiation > Ultraviolet radiation
    Apherusa glacialis (Hansen, 1888) [WoRMS]
    Svalbard [Marine Regions]
    Marien/Kust
Author keywords
    Photoprotection, Sea ice fauna, Arctic, Sympagic, Chromatophores
Auteurs  Top | Dataset 
  • Fuhrmann, M.M.
  • Nygård, H.
  • Krapp, R.H.
  • Berge, J., meer
  • Werner, I.
Abstract
    Solar radiation is a crucial factor governing biological processes in polar habitats. Containing harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR), it can pose a threat for organisms inhabiting surface waters of polar oceans. The present study investigated the physiological color change in the obligate sympagic amphipod Apherusa glacialis mediated by red-brown chromatophores, which cover the body and internal organs of the species. Short-term experimental exposure to photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) led to pigment dispersal in the chromatophores, resulting in darkening of the animal. Irradiation in the PAR range (400–700 nm) was identified as the main trigger with high light intensities evoking marked responses within 15 min. After exposure to high PAR, darkness led to a slow aggregation of pigments in the cell center after 24 h. Experiments revealed no statistically significant change in coloration of the animal when exposed to different background colors nor UV radiation. Our results point to a dose- and time-dependent photoprotective role of chromatophores in the amphipod, presuming a shielding effect from harmful radiation in a dispersed state. The reversible nature of the physiological color change enables the species to adapt dynamically to prevailing light conditions and thereby minimize the cost of increased conspicuousness toward visually hunting predators.
Dataset
  • Kürzel, Kaiser, Brix, Colemann, Tandberg, Oldeland, Lörz (2022): Amphipod distribution data from the North Atlantic and Artic waters compiled from literature records published in 1931-2018., meer
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