Coastal vegetation and estuaries are collectively a greenhouse gas sink

Rosentreter, J.A.; Laruelle, G.G.; Bange, H.W.; Bianchi, T.S.; Busecke, J.J.M.; Cai, W.-J.; Eyre, B.D.; Forbrich, I.; Kwon, E.Y.; Maavara, T.; Moosdorf, N.; Najjar, R.G.; Sarma, V.V.S.S.; Van Dam, B.R.; Regnier, P.

doi:/10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9

Coastal vegetation and estuaries are collectively a greenhouse gas sink

Rosentreter, J.A.; Laruelle, G.G.; Bange, H.W.; Bianchi, T.S.; Busecke, J.J.M.; Cai, W.-J.; Eyre, B.D.; Forbrich, I.; Kwon, E.Y.; Maavara, T.; Moosdorf, N.; Najjar, R.G.; Sarma, V.V.S.S.; Van Dam, B.R.; Regnier, P. (2023). Coastal vegetation and estuaries are collectively a greenhouse gas sink. Nat. Clim. Chang. 13(6): 579-587. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01682-9

In: Nature Climate Change. Nature Publishing Group: London. ISSN 1758-678X; e-ISSN 1758-6798, meer

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Author keywords

NITROUS-OXIDE;CARBON;METHANE;EMISSIONS;VARIABILITY;CO2;MANGROVES;STORAGE;WATERS;RIVERS

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Rosentreter, J.A. Laruelle, G.G., meer Bange, H.W. Bianchi, T.S. Busecke, J.J.M.	Cai, W.-J. Eyre, B.D. Forbrich, I. Kwon, E.Y. Maavara, T.	Moosdorf, N. Najjar, R.G. Sarma, V.V.S.S. Van Dam, B.R. Regnier, P., meer

Abstract

Coastal ecosystems release or absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), but the net effects of these ecosystems on the radiative balance remain unknown. We compiled a dataset of observations from 738 sites from studies published between 1975 and 2020 to quantify CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O fluxes in estuaries and coastal vegetation in ten global regions. We show that the CO₂-equivalent (CO₂e) uptake by coastal vegetation is decreased by 23–27% due to estuarine CO₂e outgassing, resulting in a global median net sink of 391 or 444 TgCO₂e yr⁻¹ using the 20- or 100-year global warming potentials, respectively. Globally, total coastal CH₄ and N₂O emissions decrease the coastal CO₂ sink by 9–20%. Southeast Asia, North America and Africa are critical regional hotspots of GHG sinks. Understanding these hotspots can guide our efforts to strengthen coastal CO₂ uptake while effectively reducing CH₄ and N₂O emissions.

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