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Het OWA, het open archief van het Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium heeft tot doel alle vrij toegankelijke onderzoeksresultaten van dit instituut in digitale vorm aan te bieden. Op die manier wil het de zichtbaarheid, verspreiding en gebruik van deze onderzoeksresultaten, alsook de wetenschappelijke communicatie maximaal bevorderen.

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Calibrating the marine turbidite palaeoseismometer using the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake Howarth, J.D.; Orpin, A.R.; Kaneko, Y.; Strachan, L.J.; Nodder, S.D.; Mountjoy, J.J.; Barnes, P. M.; Bostock, H.C.; Holden, C.; Jones, K.; Çagatay, M.N. (2021). Calibrating the marine turbidite palaeoseismometer using the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Nature Geoscience 14(3): 161-167. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00692-6 In: Nature Geoscience. Nature Publishing Group: London. ISSN 1752-0894; e-ISSN 1752-0908, meer Is gerelateerd aan: Talling, P.J. (2021). Fidelity of turbidites as earthquake records. Nature Geoscience 14(3): 113-116. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00707-2, meer

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Beschikbaar in	Auteurs
VLIZ: Non-open access 359326 [ aanvragen ]

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Howarth, J.D. Orpin, A.R. Kaneko, Y. Strachan, L.J.	Nodder, S.D. Mountjoy, J.J. Barnes, P. M. Bostock, H.C.	Holden, C. Jones, K. Çagatay, M.N.

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Abstract

Turbidite palaeoseismology has produced arguably the most comprehensive multimillennial scale records of subduction-zone earthquakes but is underpinned by techniques that are vigorously debated in earthquake science. Resolving this argument requires new direct observations that test the approach’s essential assumptions. Here we present measurements from turbidites triggered by the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake in New Zealand, one of the most well-instrumented earthquakes in history. This natural experiment provides an ideal test for turbidite palaeoseismology because fault source, ground motions and turbidite deposition in discrete canyons are well-resolved by analysis of sediment cores combined with physics-based ground-motion modelling. We find that the Kaikōura earthquake triggered flows in ten consecutive canyon–distributary systems along a 200 km segment of the Hikurangi subduction margin where long-period (>2 s) peak ground velocities exceeded turbidity-current-triggering thresholds between 16–25 cm s−1. Comparison between ground motions and turbidite deposition confirm that there is a predictable relationship between earthquake source, ground motions and deposition of coseismic turbidites. We demonstrate that the patterns of triggering and resultant turbidite character may preserve evidence of fault-rupture direction along with the radiating patterns and amplification of earthquake ground motions.

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