Download ArticleExport citationTOTAL VIEWSSuggest a Research Topic >SHARE ONORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLEFront. Microbiol., 12 March 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00376Hiding in Plain Sight: The Globally Distributed Bacterial Candidate Phylum PAUC34fMichael L. Chen1,2, Eric D. Becraft1,3, Maria Pachiadaki1,4, Julia M. Brown1, Jessica K. Jarett5†, Josep M. Gasol6,7, Nikolai V. Ravin8, Duane P. Moser9, Takuro Nunoura10, Gerhard J. Herndl11,12, Tanja Woyke5 and Ramunas Stepanauskas1*1Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME, United States2Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, United States3Department of Biology, University of North Alabama, Florence, AL, United States4Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States5U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States6Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain7Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia8Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia9Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV, United States10Research Center for Bioscience and Nanoscience (CeBN), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan11Department of Limnology and Bio-Oceanography, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria12Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, Den Burg, NetherlandsBacterial candidate phylum PAUC34f was originally discovered in marine sponges and is widely considered to be composed of sponge symbionts. Here, we report 21 single amplified genomes (SAGs) of PAUC34f from a variety of environments, including the dark ocean, lake sediments, and a terrestrial aquifer. The diverse origins of the SAGs and the results of metagenome fragment recruitment suggest that some PAUC34f lineages represent relatively abundant, free-living cells in environments other than sponge microbiomes, including the deep ocean. Both phylogenetic and biogeographic patterns, as well as genome content analyses suggest that PAUC34f associations with hosts evolved independently multiple times, while free-living lineages of PAUC34f are distinct and relatively abundant in a wide range of environments. |
